One of the oldest towns in the world goes back at least 7,000 years. The rise
and fall of nearly two dozen successive levels of human culture on this site makes
it one of the richest archeological areas in the country.
Under the domination of the Egyptian pharaohs in the 3rd and 2nd millennia B.C,
Byblos was a commercial and religious capital of the Phoenician coast.
It was in Byblos where the first linear alphabet, ancestor of all modern alphabet,
(through Greek and Latin), was invented.
The sarcophagus of Byblos’ king Ahiram, now in the national museum, bears
the oldest known Phoenician inscription. Byblos was also the centre of the Adonis
cult, the god of vegetation who dies in winter and renewed each spring.
Like its sister cities, Byblos was destroyed in the earthquake of 551 A.D it
regained some consequence in crusader times when it came under the county of
Tripoli. A modest town under the Mamluks and ottomans, Byblos grew rapidly during
the recent war in Lebanon when commercial activities moved from Beirut to regional
capitals.
This busy modern town located at 36 kilometers north of Beirut, has the “Roman
Medieval port” as its main tourist hub. The landmarks in this area are:
the crusader castle and church as well as the extensive remains of city’s
past - from Neolithic times to the crusader era. A beautiful Mosque adds to
the cultural mix in the old part of Byblos. And all around a diversity of cafes
and restaurants can be found.
One of the world's most beautiful cavern , at 20 km away north of Beirut .The
lower caverns are visited by boat over a subterranean lake 623 meters long.
A dry upper gallery can be seen on foot. After many years of exploration, Lebanese
speleologists have penetrated 6,910 meters from the entry point of the grotto
to the far end of the Underground River and 2,130 meters of the upper galleries.The
main source of the Dog River (Nahr El Kalb) rises in this cavern.
600 meters above ses level and 26 km away from Beirut, with a wonderful panoramic
view covering the Bay of Jounieh. Statue of the Virgin Mary was erected in 1908.
Inside its base, a chapel with outside spiral staircase that leads to the top,
as well telepheric service is provided from the bay of Jounieh to the mountain
of Harissa.